Imagine tripling, even quadrupling, your body weight in less than six months. Yikes! But such rapid weight gain is a must for a kitten’s survival. Kittens weigh just a few ounces at birth and, by 6 months of age, should weigh between 5 to 6 pounds. By their first birthdays, they should tip the scales at around 8 pounds (depending on breed and frame). Hitting that mark in a healthy way depends on us.

Mother’s milk

“Science tells us that the body has different demands on it at different stages of life,” says Dr. Kathryn Primm, a veterinarian and owner of the Applebrook Animal Hospital in Ooltewah, Tennessee, and host of the Nine Lives with Dr. Kat podcast on Pet Life Radio. “When kittens are growing, they are building brains, bones, muscles — everything.”

For at least the first four weeks of life, kittens rely on their mother’s milk to provide all the nutrients they need to survive and thrive.

“The ideal newborn kitten is to be with their mother, also known as a queen,” says Jackie Noble, director of the kitten nursery and placement services at the San Diego Humane Society. “The queen will provide nutrient-rich mother’s milk on demand, all while providing grooming, stimulating kittens to pass urine/feces and providing warmth and comfort.”

But for orphaned newborns, it quickly becomes a life-or-death situation. SDHS opened its 24-hours-a-day kitten nursery in 2009 to save the lives of more orphaned kittens. The kitten nursery is now a model program for other shelters in the nation.

“We identified underage kittens as the most ‘at risk’ group of animals in our county,” Jackie says. “Kittens were being euthanized simply because they were too young to eat and survive on their own. There weren’t enough foster homes available to help them grow, so the Kitten Nursery was developed to be a safety net for those kittens.”

Different foods for different stages

There is both a science and an art to kitten nutrition. All felines of all ages require protein, specifically, 11 essential amino acids in order to thrive. Kittens need about 30% to 50% of their food source in the form of protein.

“Growing kittens require a lot of protein, fat and calcium along with a whole range of other nutrients like vitamins and minerals to help them grow and develop properly,” says Rosemarie Crawford, co-founder of the National Kitten Coalition, a nonprofit group dedicated to increasing survival rates of kittens.

For newborns, it often means getting their nutrients through bottle-feeding. The NKC offers helpful resources like a Feeding Guidelines Chart and Top Bottle-Feeding Hints on its website.

Still wondering what your kitten diet playbook should be? Here are some simple tips to get you in the game:

1. Timing is everything. Kittens begin to wean between 4 and 5 weeks of age and can be transitioned to commercial dry and wet food by 6 weeks. Timing of these meals is crucial, as kittens are better able to digest foods when fed three or four mini meals a day.
2. Probiotics can help. “Weaning can be a stressful time for a kitten and you will often see GI (gastrointestinal) upset,” Jackie says. “When weaning from formula or a mother’s milk to wet food, the transition will go smoother if you offer a supplement, such as a feline probiotic.”
3. Hydration is key. Definitely provide fresh drinking water every day for your growing kitten to help her stay hydrated.
4. Get expert help. Rosemarie says it is imperative to work closely with your veterinarian to determine what commercial kitten food your young feline needs as he grows and the ideal feeding schedule.
5. Feed a variety. You want to prevent your kitten from growing into a fussy adult cat. Work with your veterinarian to select foods in a variety of flavors and textures. Expanding your kitten’s food palate may aid when he needs to be boarded, stay overnight at a veterinary clinic or needs to switch to a therapeutic diet due to a newly diagnosed medical condition.

And it’s mealtime … again! Time to play a key role in helping your kitten grow in a steady, healthy way.

Formula facts

For orphaned or abandoned newborn kittens, the only way they can get the nutrition needed is through bottle-feeding.

“Kitten formulas are high in protein and contain specific ratios of fat, calcium and other important nutrients, like taurine and lysine, which play a critical role in feline heart, muscle and eye development,” says Jackie Noble, director of San Diego Humane Society’s kitten nursery and placement services.

Samantha Jackson, medical director for the Bitty Kitty Brigade, a nonprofit group based in Maple Grove, Minnesota, advises to work with veterinarians in your area to select quality kitten formulas. Her group uses Fox Valley Kitten formula.

“We hear of some crazy concoctions people find online for feeding neonatal kittens, and these tend to cause digestive upset and do not provide the nutrition that these kittens require,” Samantha says. “In a pinch, I would do goat’s milk if it was available and nothing else was.”

Bottle-feeding a kitten can often be a bit tricky. Rosemarie Crawford, co-founder of the National Kitten Coalition, offers this bottle-feeding tip if a kitten starts to suckle from a bottle, but then stops due to a vacuum occurring within the bottle. That prevents a kitten from sucking hard enough to get more milk out.

“A simple solution is to loosen the cap of the bottle ever so slightly, just enough to let a little bit of air to get around the threads of the screw-on-top bottle cap,” she says. “As the kitten removes milk while suckling, air is able to go into the bottle (preventing a vacuum effect) and the kitten can continue suckling his fill.”

She says to support a kitten’s head with a finger on each side of his cheek to keep him in the correct, upright position. Plus, the extra support on his cheeks often helps the kitten to latch on to the bottle better.

And, if the young kitten becomes too wiggly or excited, Jackie suggests you gently groom the body with a toothbrush, as it mimics the feel of a queen licking and helps the kitten calm down, latch on to the bottle and resume suckling.

FEEDING NO-NOS

Most kittens love to eat, but there are definitely foods that make the no-no list. Topping this list:

• Cow’s milk, as most felines are lactose intolerant
• Human baby food that contains garlic or onions, two dangerous ingredients to kittens
• Raw eggs due to the risk of them being contaminated with Salmonella bacteria
• Grapes or raisins, as they are high in sugar and can cause gastric upset
• Sushi, as raw fish contains an enzyme that can destroy thiamine, an essential B vitamin for cats

Start ‘Em Off Right

Here are just a few examples of diets that meet the specific needs of growing kittens.

Fox Valley Day One Kitten formula $14.10. store.foxvalleynutrition.com

Royal Canin Mother and Babycat $9.49 (3-ounces, pack of 6). Available on chewy.com

Purina ProPlan Focus Kitten Food $28.32 (3 ounces, case of 24). Available on chewy.com

The post Nutrition For Kittens: Complete Guide, Science, Health Tips & FAQ by Arden Moore appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

There’s nothing like having a small ball of fluff curled up on your lap, purring in delight because you’ve given her a forever home. You’ve thought of everything for your new kitten: a cozy bed (or two), food and water bowls to sit atop a stylish place mat, cat food, a sturdy carrier, top-of-the-line toys, a litter box fit for royalty, grooming essentials and a scratching post that will (hopefully) provide many hours of delight. That should cover it, right? Almost. While it’s certainly an extensive shopping list, there’s one thing missing: an appointment with your veterinarian.

Related: 6 Tips for Choosing the Right Veterinarian for Your Cat

“Most kittens are full of energy and excitement,” wrote licensed veterinary technician Laura Lee Muller on Cat Friendly Homes, a website created by the American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP). “Don’t let their energy distract you from keeping them healthy. Your kitten needs a thorough physical exam and protection from preventable diseases by receiving appropriate vaccines. Ideally, the first visit to the veterinarian should happen within the first week you bring your kitten home. If you have other cats in your household, your new kitten should be tested by your veterinarian before coming into your home.”

How to prepare your kitten for the vet

Your kitten’s first visit to the vet may include diagnostic tests, deworming and vaccinations. The frequency in which kittens should receive vaccinations is based on set guidelines, such as those put forth by the AAFP’s Feline Vaccination Advisory Panel.

“Based on guidelines, kittens should generally go to the veterinarian [for vaccination] between 6 and 8 weeks of age,” says Dr. Bruce Kornreich, director of the Cornell Feline Health Center at Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine. “Vaccines are usually given about every two to four weeks until the cat is 4 months of age, although some veterinarians may spread it out to 5 months of age.”

Vaccines fall into two categories, core and non-core. Core vaccines are those that are recommended for all cats, such as feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1), feline calicivirus (FCV) and rabies. Non-core vaccines are considered discretionary, meaning that they are administered on a case-by-case basis. These vaccines include feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV), among others. While FeLV is considered a non-core vaccine, the AAFP highly recommends this vaccination for all kittens.

Deworming treats internal parasites, such as tapeworms, hookworms and roundworms. Roundworms are the most common intestinal parasite of cats, affecting 25% to 75% of cats, with higher rates in kittens, according to the Cornell Feline Health Center. Kittens often acquire roundworms from their mother.

“Some veterinarians will empirically deworm cats,” Dr. Kornreich says. “At minimum, a stool sample should be done [to check for internal parasites].”

Kittens can also be susceptible to ectoparasites, like fleas, ear mites and ticks. “It’s very important that cat owners follow product guidelines regarding how ectoparasite products are used,” Dr.

Kornreich says. “Some products are not intended to be given to young cats, and it’s really important that they don’t use dog products on cats.”

Keep a watchful eye

If your kitten is experiencing lethargy, discharge from the eyes or nose, diarrhea, poor appetite, vomiting, hair loss, increased vocalization, failure to thrive, low temperature and/or coughing, contact your veterinarian. These are signs that your kitten may be sick.

Dandruff, scaly or crusty skin, circular areas of hair loss, inflamed areas of the skin and excessive grooming and scratching may point to ringworm. It’s among the most frequently occurring skin disorder affecting cats, according to the Cornell Feline Health Center. Ringworm is actually a fungal infection, having nothing to do with worms. While ringworm is treatable, be aware that it is a zoonotic disease, meaning that it can be passed from an infected cat to a human who comes in contact with it.

Respiratory infections can be quite common in cats, according to the Cornell Feline Health Center. These infections are caused by a variety of viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa.

Symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections include clear or colored discharge from the eyes or nose, coughing, sneezing, conjunctivitis, lethargy, ulcers in the mouth and anorexia. In some rare cases, according to the center, cats may have trouble breathing. Your veterinarian will be able to pinpoint the cause of symptoms and appropriate treatment.

Once your cat hits her first birthday, continue with wellness checks once a year, then twice a year when your cat turns 10, Dr. Kornreich says.

“The earlier a problem is diagnosed, the earlier intervention can be implemented,” Dr. Kornreich says. “In most cases, there will be a better outcome.”

Here are some of the top medical issues kittens may face

While this list is by no means exhaustive, it gives a glimpse into a few conditions that some kittens may encounter.

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)
What it is: A viral disease caused by a mutation of a common coronavirus that only affects animals. Any cat that carries coronavirus is potentially at risk for developing FIP. However, cats with weak immune systems, such as kittens, are most likely to develop FIP. It’s not a highly contagious disease, but it is almost always fatal.

What to look out for: There are two major forms of FIP: a “wet” form characterized by an accumulation of fluid in the abdomen and a “dry” form presenting symptoms such as chronic weight loss, anemia, depression and fever.

“Generally, any cat that is less than 2 years in age that develops a fever, is nonresponsive to antibiotics and begins to accumulate fluid, FIP should be high on the list,” says  Dr.  Kornreich.

Good to know: The majority of cats that get coronavirus do not develop FIP, according to Dr. Kornreich. There’s no approved treatment for FIP, but some drugs are showing  promise in clinical trials.

Feline Panleukopenia
What it is: A highly contagious viral disease caused by feline parvovirus. It often has a high mortality rate. Kittens are particularly susceptible.
What to look out for: Fever, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite and leukopenia (reduced number of white blood cells).
Good to know: Vaccination is generally effective for controlling the disease.

Cerebellar Hypoplasia
What it is: Abnormal development of the cerebellum, the part of the brain responsible for muscle coordination. In utero or early neonatal infection with feline panleukopenia can cause cerebellar hypoplasia. It’s a lifelong condition with no cure.
What to look out for: Lack of coordination, head bobbing, unusual locomotion.

Good to know: “Cats with cerebellar hypoplasia can actually live happy lives if they’re managed and the husbandry is such that it minimizes risk,” Dr. Kornreich says. “The cat’s movements can be jerky and disconcerting to owners, but we know that cats can live a healthy life otherwise.”

Featured Image: ilona75 | Getty Image

The post Kittens First Vet Visit: What To Expect & How To Prepare by Marissa Heflin appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Cats remain one of the most popular companion animals in the world, and if you’re considering adding a cat to your family, there’s a lot to think about first. Countless cats need loving homes, but which one is right for you?

In this article, we’ll give you eight tips on how to find the perfect cat for your family and what to look for as you search for your forever feline.

Before You Begin

Before you search for the perfect cat, ensure everyone in your house is prepared for the new responsibility. Cats, like any pet, can be expensive, especially if an unexpected medical situation occurs. Even regular expenses like food and litter can add up over the lifetime of your kitty.

Also, consider if it’s the right time to add a new cat to the family. It’s usually not a good idea to get or give a cat as a gift during the holidays, and they should never be acquired on impulse.

Do you have the space for a cat and all their gear? If you rent your home, are you allowed to have a cat?

Part of responsible pet ownership is taking the time to research what’s required to care for a cat and to find a kitty that fits into your family. That’s where this article comes in.

The 8 Tips on How to Find the Perfect Cat for Your Family

1. What Age Should Your Cat Be?

Kittens are undeniably adorable but can also be a lot of work. You’ll need to keep them safe by kitten-proofing your home and supervising them carefully. Kittens also need socialization and litter training. They can have more medical expenses than an adult cat, including kitten vaccines and spay or neuter surgery.

Energetic kittens can be a hassle to deal with and may not be the best choice for homes with small children. Adult cats are calmer, and their personality is fully formed. Most are litter-trained, spayed or neutered, and current on their vaccines. They may tolerate children and other pets better, especially if they previously lived with them.

Senior cats can be a good choice, too, especially for older adults. They usually enjoy a quiet lifestyle but may have more medical expenses as they age. Cats can have much different care needs based on their life stage, and it’s important to consider which kitty fits your family the best.

2. Do You Have Other Pets?

If you already have pets at home, you’ll need to consider them when deciding which cat is right for you. Cats who don’t know each other may not get along or take a long time to bond. If your cat has already shown aggression towards other felines, getting a new cat may not be wise. Adult cats may get along better with a kitten, but there’s no guarantee.

Consider their breed and personality before choosing a cat if you have a dog. Some dogs have a high prey drive and may not get along with cats. Others may only tolerate cats who don’t act like prey, such as an adult kitty who’s already been socialized with dogs.

Exotic pet owners should ensure they can keep their small animals safely away from a cat. Most cats have a high prey drive, and even if they don’t, the presence of a predator may be enough to stress many exotic pets.

3. Do You Have Kids?

As mentioned earlier, kittens may not be a good choice for families with toddlers or young children who might accidentally injure the baby cat. Not all breeds enjoy the noise and rowdiness that children often bring to a household.

At the same time, some breeds are incredibly tolerant of rough play and even seem to enjoy it. While caring for a cat can be a great way to teach kids responsibility, an adult will still need to supervise them.

4. What Is Your Lifestyle Like?

Do you work from home and have plenty of time to devote to your cat? Or do you work long hours outside the house with minimal free time? Cats may have a reputation for being independent, but the truth is many of them don’t like being left alone frequently.

Some breeds are needier than others, and kittens require more supervision and frequent feeding. The perfect cat for you will be one who can tolerate the amount of attention you have time to give them, whether it’s a lot or a little.

5. What Is Your Social Life Like?

Do you prefer to spend your free time on the couch or exploring nature? Do you love to entertain or prefer to stay at home? You’ll want to consider these questions when choosing the perfect cat. Some cats are extroverts who love being the center of attention, while others will get anxious at the first hint of strangers. Most cats love to snuggle at home, but a select few may enjoy life as “adventure cats,” accompanying you on hikes and camping trips.

6. Purebred or Mixed Breed Cat?

Purebred cats have more predictable traits and temperaments than those of unknown ancestry. However, they’re also prone to more inherited health conditions and can be expensive.

Rescuing a purebred cat may be an option, and most animal shelters are full of loving, mixed-breed cats in need of good homes. Try to spend time with any cat you’re considering for adoption to ensure they’re a good match for your family.

7. Two Cats or One?

Adopting two cats (especially kittens) is ideal if you have a busy schedule. Kittens can entertain and exercise each other, taking some of the burden off you. Unrelated adult cats won’t always get along, as we mentioned earlier.

However, you’ll sometimes find bonded adult cats for adoption if you have the space and money to care for them. If you are frequently away from home, adopting two cats can help ease some of the loneliness and separation anxiety your pets could suffer.

8. Does Anyone in Your Family Have Allergies?

Unfortunately, cat allergies are common and one of the main reasons kitties end up in shelters. If you or someone in your family has allergies, it will undoubtedly impact your choice. While no hypoallergenic cat breeds exist, some are more allergy-friendly than others.

Before bringing a cat into a family, try to spend time with them first to ensure they don’t cause an allergic reaction.

Where Should You Get Your Cat?

The most common ways to get a cat are adopting from a shelter or rescue group and buying from a breeder. Sometimes, a friend, relative, or neighbor may ask if you can re-home their cat. Finally, there’s always the chance you might find a stray cat or kitten who needs a home.

If you buy from a breeder, make sure to research the health conditions common in your chosen cat. Responsible breeders will screen for these conditions and provide health histories and guarantees for your new pet.

No matter where you get your new cat, take them to the vet for a checkup as soon as possible. Some signs of bad health are obvious, such as weight loss, poor skin and coat, and lethargy. Others might be harder to detect, and your kitty needs to see a doctor to be safe.

Conclusion

If you decide to adopt your new cat, remember that many of the homeless kitties you’re considering ended up in the shelter because they weren’t a good match for their families. The best way to ensure your cat enjoys a happy life in your house is to choose the pet that fits your needs and lifestyle. The eight tips we discussed in this article are a great place to start.

Featured Image Credit: BearFotos, Shutterstock

The post How to Find the Perfect Cat for Your Family: 8 Tips and What to Look For by Elizabeth Gray appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

So, you found a stray kitten … but the next step isn’t simply taking him home with you. What do you feed a stray kitten? Where should you take stray kittens if you can’t care for them yourself? And how do you determine if the kitties are in fact strays in the first place?

Investigate — does the stray kitten have a mother?

Helping orphaned kittens will first require some detective work. One of the biggest mistakes people make when finding stray kittens is taking them away from their mother. Neonatal kittens are still nursing and need to be fed frequently, so they should be kept with their mother, if possible.

Here’s how to assess the situation:

1. Are the kittens sleeping comfortably? The mother is probably coming back.
2. When you recheck on them, are any of them missing? The mother is moving them.
3. If they’re often found sleeping, then the mother is caring for them.
4. To be absolutely sure, sprinkle some flour around where the kittens are located and look for paw prints upon your return. If the mother is in the picture, let them be. In approximately eight weeks, go back and TNR (trap/neuter/return) the whole family.

What to do if the stray kitten does not have a mother

If you have determined the stray kitten (or kittens!) does not have a mother, his greatest chance for survival begins with you. The first thing you’ll need to do is capture the stray kitten. For some kittens, this is as easy as reaching out and scooping them up. For others, you may need to contact a local animal society or shelter to obtain the humane traps often used in TNR. Simply place the trap out with some food inside, and wait nearby. The kitten should wander in and trigger the trap to close its door. Kittens do not get hurt in the process!

Next, get the stray kitten to a veterinarian for a checkup ASAP. If the vet’s office is closed, you’ll have to start his care right away. Even if you can’t foster a stray kitten long term, you’ll be a lifeline during this first phase of rescue.

If you cannot foster the stray kitten for any amount of time, find a no-kill animal shelter. The No Kill Network has a list of organizations by state, and Adopt-A-Pet lists cat rescues.

Containing and monitoring the formerly stray kitten is key to his health and well-being. A dog crate is perfect. To keep him toasty, place a covered heating pad in his crate and keep the room temperature at 75 degrees.  The heating pad should cover only half the crate so he can get away from it. Watch for panting — you don’t want him to get overheated either. A cold or limp kitten indicates a medical emergency.

Feeding schedule for kittens by weight and age

Determining the age of the stray kitten right away is imperative. His age will mandate what he’ll eat as well as how much and how often.

Using a postal scale, here’s a quick guide:

• Under 1 week old: kitten weighs less than 4 ounces. Feed formula: every two to three hours.
• 7 to 10 days old: kitten weighs 4 to 6 ounces. Feed formula: every two to three hours.
• 10 to 14 days old: kitten weighs 6 to 8 ounces. Feed formula: every three hours.
• 14 to 21 days old: kitten weighs 8 to 12 ounces. Feed formula: every four hours.
• 4 to 5 weeks old: kitten weighs 12 ounces to 1 pound. Feed mix of gruel/formula/kitten kibble: every four hours.
• 6 to 7 weeks old: kitten weighs 1 pound to 1 pound and 8 ounces. Feed mix of kitten kibble and wet food four times a day.
• 8 weeks old: kitten weighs one and a half to 2 pounds. Fully weaned.

Pro tips for proper kitten care

Kitties start weaning at a month old. Until then, he’ll need to be bottle-fed kitten formula. In a pinch, you can use goat milk but only for a short time.

Pet supply stores and many grocery stores will have all you’ll need:

• Kitten formula
• Bottles
• Rubber nipples
• Cleaning supplies

Only bottle-feed the kitten with his belly touching the table (never while on his back). Experts recommend letting the kitten eat the warmed-up formula until he’s full. It usually takes less than 15 minutes.

Kittens will need help eliminating urine and feces until they are approximately a month old. After each feeding, use a warm, damp washcloth to gently rub his anus until he goes. You can introduce a litter box filled with non-clumping litter at 3 weeks old. 

Find a home for the stray kitten

At 8 weeks old, the kitten is ready to be spayed or neutered and placed into a loving home. There are many ways to find the stray kitten a home — check out bestfriends.org for a guide of best practices. Unless, of course, he or she is already home. Kittens are, after all, irresistible!

Thumbnail: Photography ©ConstantinCornel | Thinkstock. 

Read Next:

• So a Stray Cat Has Adopted You — Now What?
• How to Adopt a Stray Cat: Do’s and Don’ts

The post Found a Stray Kitten? Here’s What to Do by Denise LeBeau appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Some cats are as light as 5 pounds, while others tip the scale at closer to 20! Cats come in almost as many sizes and shapes as they do colors. From the svelte Sphynx and Siamese to the seemingly supersized Maine Coon and Ragdoll — all little kittens, with proper nutrition, will grow into their big personalities soon enough. But have you ever wondered — when do cats stop growing? Let’s find out!

When Do Cats Stop Growing?

Many new cat parents ask the burning question: “When do cats stop growing?” Kittens grow rapidly until 6 months old. Between 6 months to 12 months is when kittens stop growing in size.

This doesn’t necessarily mean that cats over a year old will stop growing altogether. A cat who is mostly sedentary and on a poor diet, or has access to too much food throughout the day, can continue to pack on fat. While an obese cat may look cute all roly-poly, obesity is in fact a very unhealthy condition for any feline.

How Big Will My Cat Get?

Another question associated with, “When do cats stop growing?” is, “How big will my cat get?” The average domestic feline is about 10 pounds, give or take a few pounds. The males of the largest cat breed, the Maine Coon, can weigh in at around 20 pounds. Cats are not like dogs in many aspects, and there isn’t a correlation between your cat’s paw size and his height and weight. Bigger paws don’t really mean a bigger cat. How big your cat will get is determined by genetics. There are 19 pairs of chromosomes that control everything from hair length, coat color, and, yes, size!

While your kitten’s parents are the best indicator of how big your cat will get, sex can also be a factor. Males are usually bigger than females, and the duration of their growth spurts can last longer.

Full-sized and Miniature-sized Outliers

Of course, there are exceptions to everything, including exceptions to the answers to “When do cats stop growing?” According to the Maine Coon Fancy, this breed of cat takes up to 5 years to reach full size. And their full size is noteworthy: a Maine Coon cat named Stewie held the Guinness Book of World Record’s record for the longest cat at 48.5 inches stretched out. Sadly, Stewie passed away in 2013, but his mark on the world remains.

On the other side of the spectrum, cats with dwarfism can be abnormally small. Dwarf cats are the Lilliputians of the feline world (there are two different causes: genetic mutation and pituitary gland malfunction). A Munchkin cat named Liliput holds the Guinness Book of World Record’s record for the shortest cat. Kittens with dwarfism will develop more slowly than healthy cats.

When Do Kittens Stop Growing?

Another common question with, “When do cats stop growing?” is, “When do kittens stop growing?” Kittens come into this world with one goal: to grow! And quickly! Newborn kittens require round-the-clock feeding, and their spikes in weight gain reflect all that nutritious sustenance.

Kittens typically grow eight times their size in just about 8 weeks:

• Under 1 week old: kitten weighs less than 4 ounces.
• 7 to 10 days old: kitten weighs 4 to 6 ounces.
• 10 to 14 days old: kitten weighs 6 to 8 ounces.
• 14 to 21 days old: kitten weighs 8 to 12 ounces.
• 4 to 5 weeks old: kitten weighs 12 ounces to 1 pound.
• 6 to 7 weeks old: kitten weighs 1 pound to 1 pound and 8 ounces.
• 8 weeks old: kitten weighs 1 and a half to 2 pounds.
• 12 weeks old: kitten weighs 3 pounds to 5 and a half pounds.
• 16 weeks old: kitten weighs approximately 5 and a half pounds to 7 and a half pounds.
• 6 months to 1 year old: approximately 8 pounds to 15 pounds.

The Bottom Line

While kittens will stop growing at about 1 year old, it’s important to remember that most kittens will look like an adult at 6 months old. For folks considering adoption, maybe a kitten isn’t the best fit for their home (see some benefits of adopting an older cat here). That adorable little fluff ball will only boast a juvenile appearance for a very short time. He’ll look like an adult cat before he hits his first birthday.

Of course, feeding your cat a healthy diet, always providing a freshwater source, and enriching his environment with plenty of exercise, places to climb, and hidey holes to explore will ensure he not only grows big and strong but is the happiest and healthiest he could be!

Thumbnail: Photography © jakubzak | iStock / Getty Images Plus.

Read more about kittens on Catster.com:

• Kitten Teething: 5 Tips to Stop Kitten Biting
• When Do Kittens’ Eyes Change Color?
• How to Make a Kitten Poop

The post When Do Cats Stop Growing & Reach Their Full Size? Facts & FAQ by Denise LeBeau appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Frisky, feisty, funny, affectionate — a 6-month-old kitten is pretty much a tiny toddler wrapped in fur. If a 6-month-old has recently joined your household, learn how you can help him navigate his way through kittenhood. We’re sharing what you need to know about a 6 month-old kitten when it comes to health, mental well-being, behavior, diet and grooming.

Vet visits for a 6-month-old kitten

If you haven’t already taken 6-month-old kitten to the vet, now is the perfect time! For kittens who have already visited the veterinarian, schedule a checkup when your feline friend reaches the 6-month milestone. At the appointment, you can expect the veterinarian to perform a thorough examination of your kitten’s eyes, ears, mouth and body. He will want to ensure your kitten is developing as expected.

Your vet may also recommend vaccinations if your kitten hasn’t already received them, as well as spay or neuter surgery. Have this surgery performed while your pet is still young to help prevent him from developing unwanted behaviors like spray marking.

Socializing your 6-month-old kitten

Your veterinarian may also ask about your kitten’s social behaviors. As a 6-month-old kitten, your cat is becoming much more curious about his world, but he needs to learn how to interact with other animals and humans to remain a friendly, outgoing pet.

“Kittens in the early months need interaction with their own and other species to develop social skills,” says Heidi Pavia-Watkins, DVM, of the Airport Irvine Animal Hospital in Costa Mesa, California.

One of the best ways to socialize your kitten is to simply spend time with him. Hold him, stroke his fur, gently look inside his mouth and softly stroke his paws. Regular handling will also help you when it comes time to clip his claws or brush his teeth — he will already be used to you touching his mouth and feet.

While your 6-month-old kitten is still at this curious young age, introduce him to new people of all ages. Let your friends know they should approach your kitten slowly and not force themselves on him — the goal is for your kitten to view new people as safe, not frightening.

This is also a great age to help him learn to love (well, at least not fear) his carrier. “Keep the carrier out and routinely feed your kitten in there, toss treats in there, and create a cozy hideaway by lining the carrier with a soft towel,” suggests Pam Johnson-Bennett, a certified cat behaviorist (catbehaviorassociates.com). “Periodically place your kitten in the carrier, carry him around the house and also take him for rides in the car.”

What to feed a 6-month-old kitten

You can also use treats to help your kitten associate his carrier with fun, rewarding experiences. High-quality treats formulated for cats and kittens can be a healthy part of your kitten’s diet when fed in moderation.

When you first visited the vet with your kitten, he likely recommended a high-quality kitten diet formulated to meet your pet’s high-energy needs. Like with younger kittens, a 6-month-old kitten needs access to frequent, small meals throughout the day. Expose your kitten to more than one flavor of food, so that he doesn’t develop finicky preferences as an adult. Your vet can help you select foods that you can feed interchangeably.

Creating good habits for your 6-month-old kitten

Your 6-month-old kitten is definitely growing into his personality and developing behaviors he’ll follow throughout his life. Kittenhood — from as young as 8 weeks and up to about one year — is an ideal time to help your pet establish good habits to make him a model pet in his adult and senior years.

“Spend time helping your kitten become comfortable with the experiences he’ll encounter in his life: car travel, getting groomed, having his ears cleaned, teeth brushing, nail trims, unfamiliar environments, unfamiliar sounds, unfamiliar people in his home and so on,” Pam says. She also offers tips for helping your kitten adopt good litter box habits.

First, if you haven’t already, provide a box that is easy for a kitten to climb in and out of. “A high-sided box will be too difficult for a youngster to crawl over, especially with a full bladder,” she says. “Keep in mind a kitten won’t have the bladder control of an adult cat so when she has to ‘go’ it’s usually urgent.”

You can start to introduce a larger box when your kitten hits the 6-month mark and is more familiar with the litter box routine. “Place a larger box next to the smaller one to start a gradual transition,” Pam suggests. “You can even place the smaller litter box inside the larger box to get her used to the new setup.”

Condition your 6-month-old kitten to grooming

Gradual introduction of new items also applies to grooming tools. As you socialize your 6-month-old kitten to regular handling of his paws, mouth and body, you help condition him for regular grooming tasks. Brushing and combing sessions can become wonderful times for you to bond with your pet, and if he is already accustomed to your touch on his paws and mouth, he will be more receptive to additional grooming tasks such as nail trimming and tooth brushing.

The bottom line on caring for a 6-month-old kitten

In short, you can help your kitten develop into a friendly, affectionate adult cat by spending quality time showing him that the world is a safe place. As Pam says, “While kittenhood is a wonderful and fun time, it’s also a time for him to learn and process the experiences he has. The time you spend gradually introducing new things to your kitten, the greater the chances of him being more accepting of those experiences later in life and that will reduce everyone’s stress level.”

Thumbnail: Photography ©Casey Elise Photography.

About the author

A lifelong cat owner, Stacy N. Hackett writes frequently about cats, cat breeds and a range of pet-related topics. The inspiration for her writing comes from her cats, Jack and Katie, and her Cocker Spaniel/Labrador Retriever mix, Maggie.

Editor’s note: This article originally appeared in Catster magazine. Have you seen the new Catster print magazine in stores? Or in the waiting area of your vet’s office? Click here to subscribe to Catster and get the bimonthly magazine delivered to your home. 

Read more about kittens on Catster.com:

• How to Care for an 8- to 12-Week-Old Kitten
• Introducing Kittens to Your Other Resident Cats
• You Found a Stray Kitten — Here’s What to Do

The post How to Care For a 6-Month-Old Kitten: Vet Visits, Socialization & More by Stacy Hackett appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Not much is cuter than an 8- to 12-week-old kitten. From those tiny paws to her playful personality, there’s just so much to love. If you are the lucky new pet parent of a young kitten, here’s what you can expect of her first few weeks in your home.

What to expect at your kitten’s first vet appointment

Take your new kitten to the veterinarian for a thorough checkup, which includes:

1. A review of your kitten’s history. Your vet will likely want to know where you found your new pet (such as a breeder or a rescue organization) and any other previous medical care she may have received, such as vaccinations or spay/neuter surgery.
2. A thorough exam of the kitten’s mouth, ears and eyes, followed by an exam of the kitten’s body, gently feeling the abdomen, lymph nodes, joints and skin. Observations of the kitten’s movements.
3. Collection of a stool sample, which you may have been asked to bring to the appointment. The vet may also take a blood sample.
4. Recommendation for spay or neuter surgery if the kitten has not already been spayed or neutered. These procedures help prevent future behavior and medical problems.

Vaccinations for your kitten

Your vet may recommend that she receive several vaccinations. Typical vaccines administered at this age include rabies and one known as FVRCP, which is for a trio of upper respiratory diseases: feline rhinotracheitis, feline calicivirus and feline panleukopenia. Your veterinarian also may suggest additional vaccines depending on your kitten’s history and the number of pets in your household.

More tips for your kitten’s first vet appointment

Ask as many questions as you want about your kitten’s care and what to expect as she grows. Your vet and the staff at the office are there to help! Pay attention if your kitten’s behavior changes. “Knowing what’s normal for cats in general and an individual cat is important,” says Jane Brunt, DVM, executive director of the CATalyst Council and American Association of Feline Practitioners past president. “That way, when the cat exhibits behavior that’s different from ‘normal,’ the owner can respond appropriately.”

How to play with a kitten

Just what is normal for your 8- to 12-week-old new pet? Each kitten has her own personality, but most kittens have many behavioral traits in common. First and foremost, they love to play! Play helps them learn about the world around them and become socialized with people and other pets. Your kitten will begin to show natural instinctual behaviors when she plays, such as stalking and pouncing on toys (or other kittens!).

During playtime, nurture good behaviors to last your kitten’s lifetime. Never encourage your kitten to play fight with your hand or other body parts. You do not want your kitten to think it’s OK to bite and scratch. Help her satisfy those instincts by introducing safe toys with no loose parts she could chew off and ingest or choke on.

How to help your kitten sleep well

After playtime, your kitten will likely participate in one of her other favorite pastimes: sleeping! “Eight- to 12-week- old kittens can sleep 20 hours a day, but it depends on their activities,” says Marilyn Krieger, certified cat behavior consultant (thecatcoach.com) and author of Naughty No More! “Highly energetic kittens may sleep longer.”

To help your kitten establish sleep patterns, play with her an hour or so before bedtime. This helps use up her energy to sleep through the night but still gives her time to “come down” from the revved up energy of playtime.

Take note of any changes

Like Dr. Brunt, Marilyn reminds kitten parents to take note of changes in their pets’ behavior. “Kittens are naturally active and playful,” she says. “It is a concern if they are lethargic and don’t seem to be interested in their environment and/or stop eating.”

How and what to feed your kitten

You will likely receive recommendations for a complete and balanced kitten food from your veterinarian or the breeder or rescue group from which you adopted your new pet. There are many dry and canned foods made specifically for the nutritional needs of young kittens.

Because your kitten is growing rapidly but still has a tiny tummy, she’ll need small, frequent meals. Create a mealtime routine that allows her to eat frequently throughout the day. When feeding canned food, discard any leftovers that have been in her dish for longer than 20 minutes. And leave clean, fresh water available at all times.

Regular grooming with your cat

Though kittens begin self-grooming around 3 to 4 weeks of age, they may not have their routine down completely. Introduce regular grooming sessions to accustom your kitten to a lifetime of brushing, combing, nail trimming and other grooming tasks.

Make this process easier and more fun for your kitten by gradually introducing the grooming tools and allowing her to explore them before you gently use them on her. Let her sniff and bat the brush or comb, and praise her when she allows you to brush her coat or trim her nails.

Make sessions as relaxed and fun as possible, so she associates the time with positive outcomes. You can even give her a small treat when she lets you clip her nails, so she looks forward to the nail trimmer coming out. The idea is to make grooming a regular part of your kitten’s life when she is young so that the routine is normal for her in the years to come.

Owning a kitten is one of the most entertaining and rewarding parts of pet ownership. By paying attention to your kitten’s care needs, you can enjoy these weeks of playfulness and tiny paws.

Introducing the litter box to your kitten

A top concern of many new kitten parents involves the litter box. Luckily, this behavior is instinctual, and most cats pick it up on their own, but some might need a little help.

“Although most kittens are litter box savvy when they are adopted, some may need a little encouragement or a refresher course,” says certified cat behavior consultant Marilyn Krieger. “These little ones should be gently placed in litter boxes after eating, and always praised and reinforced when they are successful.”

Ensure successful litter box behavior by:

1. Providing several boxes in areas that the kitten can easily find
2. Keeping the boxes clean
3. Preventing other pets from harassing your kitten when she uses the box

Thumbnail: Photography ©Andrew_Deer | Getty Images.

About the author

Read more about kittens on Catster.com:

• Introducing Kittens to Your Other Resident Cats
• You Found a Stray Kitten — Here’s What to Do
• 6 Things to Know If You Find an Abandoned Kitten

The post How to Care for an 8- to 12-Week-Old Kitten by Stacy Hackett appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

There’s nothing more heartwarming than adopting a sweet, little kitten and watching him grow before your eyes. But as thrilling as it is for you, your other cats might not be as happy about it — at first, anyway. Preparation and patience are key to blending your growing cat clan. Here’s what you need to know about introducing kittens to your other cats.

Cats are territorial

If you already have cats, you know firsthand that cats are territorial creatures who do not enjoy changes in their environment. Part of this tendency is a throwback to their wild days when cats were hunted by other animals, and their food sources and other resources were threatened by other neighboring cats. Introducing kittens is hard because a new kitten is seen as an interloper by your cats, and a potential threat to their food and napping places.

Don’t be surprised to hear hisses when introducing kittens to your other cats. My friend Linda recently brought home a new kitten named Paws. While there were no hisses from her adult cat, Kizzy, he did give Paws a smack on the head to let him know who’s boss. Now they are cuddle and play buddies.

Top 4 Tips For Introducing Cats and Kittens

1. Prepare a quiet place

Once you get your new kittens home, they may feel overwhelmed and scared, and they may try to hide under a bed. After all, they’re in a new place with strange people and new sights, sounds and smells. The sight of your other cats may also scare them, especially if they’re hissing at the newbies.

Start the kittens off in a small room, such as a bathroom, where you can visit with them and they can’t hide. Bring toys and treats, talk in soothing tones, and let them adjust to their surroundings and feel comfortable with you before you let them explore the whole house. This could take a few hours or several days. Don’t let adult cats near the kittens at this point.

2. Supervise when introducing kittens to your other cats

You may begin to notice your kittens and cats playing footsie under the door to the kitten’s quiet room. This is a good sign that introduction time has arrived! Begin introducing kittens to your other kitties with short supervised sessions, where you hold the kittens and let the adults come over to meet them.

Nose touches are a good sign! You may hear a hiss or two, or you may get lucky. When I brought Simon home, Boo-Boo kitty demanded to meet him immediately, and right away they started chasing each other up and down the hallway. Instant pals!

Until your cats get along well with the kittens with no hisses or threats, have them together only when supervised. Be patient. It takes time for everyone to adjust and establish the cat pecking order in the household.

3. Consider two kittens

Kittens are bundles of boundless energy, and having a buddy to play with will keep your kittens well-adjusted. Kitten play is how they teach each other good versus bad biting and play behaviors.

Having kitten buddies to roughhouse with one another will enable them to use those natural play behaviors on one another instead of on you or your other older cats. Your fingers and toes will thank you!

4. One last tip when introducing kittens

Spoil your new kittens, but also give your current cats time with you, too. Otherwise, jealousy and behavior issues may pop up. Soon cats and kitten(s) will become buddies with one another, and you’ll have one happy crew.

Read more about kittens on Catster.com:

• 6 Things to Know If You Find an Abandoned Kitten
• How Much to Feed a Kitten
• When Do Kittens’ Eyes Change Color?

Feature Image Credit: Volodymyr Plysiuk, Shutterstock

The post Introducing Kittens to Your Other Resident Cats: 4 Tips by Rita Reimers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

While there has been a dramatic reduction in the number of cats dying in the shelter system, statistics indicate that about 1.4 million cats are still killed each year. The most challenging residents for many municipal shelters are neonatal kittens (newborn to one month old). Bottle baby foster folks are the front lines of increasing this age group’s save rate. Bottle feeding kittens is a science and an art: you need the right tools, proper nutrition, a stringent schedule and plenty of patience. It can’t be stressed enough — knowing how to bottle feed kittens will help save precious feline lives. Let’s dive into what to feed, when to feed and how to bottle feed kittens!

Can bottle feeding kittens drink cow’s milk?

First off, we must dispel a nutritional myth right away. Kittens (and cats) are lactose intolerant. Do not feed a kitten cow’s milk. If you find an abandoned stray kitten, and can’t get him to the vet or you can’t procure proper kitten milk replacer, he can be fed goat’s milk or this recipe for 24 hours.

How much to feed kittens depends on their age. His age is best determined by his weight, along with other factors, including how open his eyes and ears are, and if he is ambulatory. Newborn kitten care is all about making the right choices at the right times.

How much and how often to feed nursing kittens:

• Under 1 week old: kitten weighs less than 4 ounces. Feed formula: every two to three hours.
• 7 to 10 days old: kitten weighs 4 to 6 ounces. Feed formula: every two to three hours.
• 10 to 14 days old: kitten weighs 6 to 8 ounces. Feed formula: every three hours.
• 14 to 21 days old: kitten weighs 8 to 12 ounces. Feed formula: every four hours.
• Pro-tip: kittens require 8 milliliters of formula per ounce of body weight daily.

Proper bottle protocol

While there are many experienced human moms out there who are probably well-versed in feeding newborns, we should stress that there are some similarities and differences between bottle feeding kittens and bottle feeding humans. Following the best practices when bottle feeding kittens reduces health risks.

Bottle feeding kittens — the do’s

1. Feed the kitten with his belly toward the ground.
2. Check the liquid’s temperature on your wrist – it should be heated until warm but not hot.
3. Hold the bottle at a 45-degree angle.
4. Burp the kitten during and after bottle feeding (gently pat his back until he burps!).
5. Sterilize the nipple and bottle after each feeding.
6. Wipe his face with a warm cloth after he’s fed.

Bottle feeding kittens — the don’ts

1. Don’t feed the kitten on his back!
2. Avoid making the opening of the nipple any bigger — feeding too fast is deadly.
3. Don’t overfeed the kitten — adhere to the weight/age guidelines (resist feeding more — overfeeding is also very dangerous).

Additional practical advice

1. Identify each kitten (this can be done with a dab of different-colored, pet-safe nail polish on their little claws if they look alike).
2. Keep a record of every kitten’s weight each day — they should be gaining weight.
3. Kittens that are losing weight, crying constantly or acting lethargic should go to the vet right away.

Elimination Challenge

Throughout the kitten’s nursing stage, the mother assists in his elimination. As a surrogate kitten mom, you’ll be performing this vital duty as well.

Here’s how to help kittens eliminate

1. Hold the kitten securely (but not too tightly) in one hand with your palm supporting his belly.
2. Make sure his feet are facing the floor.
3. With your free hand, take a damp, warm (not too hot!) wash cloth and gingerly massage his back end.
4. Lightly rub his behind area until he poops and pees.
5. Be patient!
6. Check his waste — if it’s an unusual color or consistency, get him to the vet. As per the National Kitten Coalition, the correct color and consistency is brown with a toothpaste-like consistency. Clear (mucous), any shade of red, black, orange, yellow, greenish or white require a trip to the vet’s office. Gray means a kitten needs an adjustment to his diet.

Weaning kittens — and beyond

At four weeks old, kittens begin the weaning process (transition from drinking their mother’s milk or kitten milk replacer to eating solid food). While the labor-intensive production of bottle feeding is behind you, weaning involves specific ingredients on a fixed timetable. Catster’s article on weaning kittens is a good guide to doing it right.

As the tykes are growing, feeding kittens properly is key to creating healthy adults. Their diet is the cornerstone of their well-being, so what you feed kittens is crucial.

Whether you’re a seasoned kitten foster or a first-time kitten caregiver, bottle feeding kittens doesn’t have to be a daunting task. Just take the time to do it right, pay attention to any warning signs, and take pride in being an integral part of saving lives.

Tell us: What are your tips for bottle feeding kittens?

Read more about kitten care on Catster.com:

• Kitten Facts — 22 Things to Know to Keep Them Thriving
• When Do Kittens Open Their Eyes?
• What to Know About Kitten Behaviors

Feature Image Credit: Photography ©douglascraig | Getty Images.

The post Your Guide to Bottle Feeding Kittens: Tips & FAQ by Denise LeBeau appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Kittens make us smile and laugh. They make us say, “Awww!” But these babies have distinct needs and attributes. If you thought you knew kittens, you may have to think again! We’ll guide you through 22 amazing kitten facts to help you give them their best life.

The 22 Kitten Facts

1. Kittens are fragile.

Newborn kittens are completely helpless and totally dependent on their mothers for nourishment, warmth and elimination. If they’re orphaned, they need 24/7 care from a kind human.

They need to stay warm and eat every couple of hours around the clock. They even need help pottying. From birth to about 5 weeks old, kittens rely on their mothers to stimulate their anogenital region so they can urinate and defecate.

A foster parent can help with that by taking a warm, wet cotton ball and gently rubbing the kittens’ anogenital region. Without this help, they could die.

2. They’re impressionable.

During kittens’ first 12 weeks, they learn who’s safe and trustworthy, what’s good to eat and where the bathroom is. To become socialized and friendly toward people, this is the time for loving human hands to hold them, pet them, feed them and, once they start playing, have fun with them.

3. It’s important for kittens to spend time with other cats.

For about the first 12 weeks, kittens become socialized toward other cats. They learn appropriate respect toward adult cats from their mothers and how to get along with their peers from their littermates. They learn things like where they stand in a hierarchy, to respect other cats’ territory and how to fight fair.

4. Kittens are born with blue eyes.

One of the most interesting kitten facts? Their eyes open with a bluish hue at about 2 weeks of age, and some breeds — like Siamese, Tonkinese and Ragdoll — keep their blue eye color. You might see a range of colors during the kitten’s first year before her eyes change into their permanent color.

5.  They have a far superior sense of smell to ours.

Cats are equipped with an extra organ involved in their sense of smell. Located at the roof of their mouths, the vomeronasal organ enables cats to heighten the power of their sense of smell.

By 4 weeks of age, this organ is fully developed. Kittens rely on their smelling acuity to find Mom because their sense of sight and hearing are not yet fully developed.

6. Their sense of hearing is one of the best on the planet.

Cats have among the best hearing of all land animals. They are born deaf, but when their amazing sense of hearing is fully developed by 4 weeks of age, they can hear 65,000 cycles per second (or hertz), whereas we can only hear 20,000.

7. They see things differently.

Kittens are born blind and don’t even open their eyes for their first week or two after birth. While their eyesight is undeveloped, they are adept at using their whiskers and sense of smell to get around. Fully developed by 5 weeks of age, their eyesight is different from ours.

As nocturnal hunters, cats distinguish movement and perceive depth better than we can and see in light six times dimmer than we can. Yet they lack the ability to see the full spectrum of colors we see.

8. Feed kittens a growth diet.

Another takeaway from these kitten facts — once the weaning process begins at about 5 weeks of age, kittens can eat wet or dry food. They might need to transition during this time with a mix of kitten formula and solid food.

Cats are obligate carnivores, meaning they get their nutrients from meat. Choose a kitten food that is a growth formula for about the first year.

9. They’re not finicky eaters — yet.

This is the time to give them a variety of kitten food so they don’t become picky eaters. If you ever have to switch their diets for health reasons, you want them to have an adaptable palate.

10. Kittens are actually easy to potty train.

Just plop them into a litter box, and they’re trained. It’s instinctual for cats to bury their waste in sand-like substrate. Many kittens will learn to use the litter box just by watching their mothers use it.

11. Keep the litter box clean.

Scoop the litter box at least once a day. If your kitten isn’t using it, experiment with litters until you find one she likes. Kittens usually prefer something soft and sand-like. If she eats the litter, use an edible formula like corn or wheat.

12. Kittens love to knead.

Kittens knead when they nurse to stimulate milk flow, but they still knead into adulthood. When a cat kneads you, she’s seeking comfort and chose you as a mother figure to provide it.

13. Give kittens a smaller litter box.

Provide one with low sides so they can get in and out of it on their own. As they grow, get them a litter box that is one-and-a-half times their length.

14. They’re easy to groom at this age.

Handle their paws and open their mouths to look at their teeth. This will make nail trimming, pilling and toothbrushing when they are adults easier.

15. Fleas are especially dangerous to kittens.

Fleas can cause tapeworm and a host of diseases. In kittens, these parasites can cause anemia, which can be fatal. Improper use of flea-control products is also dangerous and sometimes fatal.

Follow packaging directions on any topical treatments. Use a flea comb, bathe your kitten, and wash bedding. Vacuum around the house to battle an infestation. Involve your veterinarian for guidance.

16. Save them from themselves.

Curious kittens will explore anything they can get into. Look around your house for anything that can cause harm.

17. Teach your kitten appropriate scratching behaviors.

Get them acclimated to proper scratching surfaces like sisal and corrugated cardboard. It feels good and will make them less inclined to scratch your furniture.

18. They need to play politely.

Redirect aggressive play with your hands or feet toward a toy, so they don’t get into the habit of biting and scratching people.

19. Create a safe room for your kitten.

Before bringing kitten home, prepare a safe, enclosed space equipped with food and water dishes, litter box, scratching post and bed. Let her stay in this room before opening up the rest of the house to her. A big, unexplored house can be overwhelming, and she’ll feel more comfortable getting to know a small space first.

20. Keep up with those vet appointments.

Take your kitten to the vet for vaccinations, deworming and a health check. Talk to your vet about any issues, such as any cold-like symptoms and the best age to spay/neuter. Your kitten’s first wellness check is essential.

21. Kittens can become parents.

Kittens can be spayed as early as 8 weeks, and they can go into heat and become pregnant by 5 months, so don’t procrastinate. Spaying/neutering will prevent unpleasant behaviors associated with a heat cycle, like urine marking and howling.

22. They’re not kittens for long.

Kittens grow through infancy, childhood, adolescence and into young adulthood in the first two years. By the age of 2, their eye color, coat color, pattern and length, and personality will be well-established.

Thumbnail: Photography by ©Wildroze | Getty Images.

Read more kitten facts on Catster.com:

• What to Know About Kitten Behaviors
• Kittens Meowing — How and Why Baby Cats Meow
• Can Kittens Drink Cow’s Milk?

The post 22 Surprising Facts About Kittens by Susan Logan McCracken appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.